Ho utloisisa tsebo ea lintho tse bonahalang

1. Ke hobane'ng ha makenete e le makenete?

Lintho tse ngata li entsoe ka limolek'hule tse entsoeng ka liathomo tseo le tsona li entsoeng ka li-nuclei le lielektrone. Ka har’a athomo, lielektrone lia bilika le ho bilika ho potoloha khubu, tseo ka bobeli li hlahisang matla a khoheli. Empa linthong tse ngata, lielektrone li tsamaea ka mefuta eohle ea litsela tse sa reroang, 'me matla a khoheli a hlakola e mong le e mong. Ka hona, lintho tse ngata ha li bontše magnetism tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng.

Ho fapana le lisebelisoa tsa ferromagnetic tse kang tšepe, cobalt, nickel kapa ferrite, li-electron spins tse ka hare li ka ikemela libakeng tse nyenyane, tsa etsa sebaka sa magnetization se ikemetseng se bitsoang magnetic domain. Ha lisebelisoa tsa ferromagnetic li entsoe ka makenete, libaka tsa tsona tsa ka hare tsa makenete li ikamahanya ka makhethe le ka nqa e le 'ngoe, li matlafatsa matla a makenete le ho etsa limakete. Ts'ebetso ea magnetization ea makenete ke ts'ebetso ea magnetization ea tšepe. Tšepe ea makenete le makenete li na le khahla e fapaneng ea polarity, 'me tšepe e "khomarela" hammoho le makenete.

2. Mokhoa oa ho hlalosa ts'ebetso ea makenete joang?

Haholo-holo ho na le likarolo tse tharo tsa ts'ebetso ho tseba hore na magnet o sebetsa joang:
Remanent Br: Kamora hore makenete e sa feleng e hoketsoe ho saturation ea tekheniki mme matla a khoheli a kantle a tlosoe, Br e bolokiloeng e bitsoa residual magnetic induction intensity.
Coercivity Hc: Ho fokotsa B ea makenete e sa feleng e hoketsoeng hore e be tekheniki ea saturation ho zero, matla a morao a matla a khoheli a hlokahalang a bitsoa coercivity ea makenete, kapa coercivity ka bokhutšoanyane.
Sehlahisoa sa Magnetic energy BH: se emela matla a khoheli a matla a khoheli a thehiloeng ke makenete sebakeng sa lekhalo la moea (sebaka se lipakeng tsa lipalo tse peli tsa makenete), e leng, matla a khoheli a sa fetoheng ho bomo ea yuniti ea lekhalo la moea.

3. Joang ho arola lisebelisoa tsa makenete tsa tšepe?

Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tsa tšepe li arotsoe ka lisebelisoa tse sa feleng tsa makenete le lisebelisoa tse bonolo tsa makenete. Hangata, thepa e nang le coercivity e ka hare ho 0.8kA / m e bitsoa "magnetic material" e sa feleng, 'me thepa e nang le matla a ka hare ho 0.8kA / m e bitsoa soft magnetic material.

4. Papiso ea matla a khoheli a mefuta e mengata ea limakete tse sebelisoang hangata

Matla a makenete ho tloha ho tse kholo ho isa ho tse nyane: makenete a Ndfeb, makenete ea cobalt ea samarium, makenete ea aluminium nickel cobalt, makenete ea ferrite.

5. Papiso ea valence ea thobalano ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa makenete?

Ferrite: ts'ebetso e tlase le e mahareng, theko e tlase, litšoaneleho tse ntle tsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa kutu, tekanyo e ntle ea theko ea ts'ebetso.
Ndfeb: ts'ebetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa, theko e mahareng, matla a matle, ha e hanyetsane le mocheso o phahameng le ho bola
Samarium cobalt: ts'ebetso e phahameng, theko e phahameng ka ho fetisisa, brittle, litšobotsi tse ntle tsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa kutu
Aluminium nickel cobalt: ts'ebetso e tlase le e mahareng, theko e mahareng, litšoaneleho tse ntle haholo tsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa kutu, ho hanyetsa tšitiso e mpe.
Samarium cobalt, ferrite, Ndfeb e ka etsoa ka mokhoa oa sintering le bonding. Thepa ea sintering ea makenete e phahame, sebopeho se fokola, 'me makenete ea bonding e ntle' me ts'ebetso e fokotsehile haholo. AlNiCo e ka etsoa ka mekhoa ea ho lahlela le ea sintering, limmete tsa ho lahla li na le thepa e phahameng le sebopeho se fokolang, 'me limatlase tse sirelelitsoeng li na le thepa e tlase le sebopeho se betere.

6. Litšobotsi tsa Ndfeb makenete

Ndfeb ea ka ho sa feleng magnetic material ke ntho e sa feleng ea makenete e thehiloeng ho motsoako oa intermetallic Nd2Fe14B. Ndfeb e na le sehlahisoa le matla a phahameng haholo a matla a khoheli, 'me melemo ea matla a matla a phahameng a etsa hore ndFEB e sebelisoe ka ho fetesisa indastering ea sejoale-joale le thekenoloji ea elektroniki, e le hore lisebelisoa, li-motors tsa electroacoustic, lisebelisoa tsa karohano tsa makenete, miniaturization, boima bo bobebe, tšesaane li fetohe. ho khoneha.

Litšobotsi tsa lintho tse bonahalang: Ndfeb e na le melemo ea ts'ebetso ea theko e phahameng, e nang le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa mochine; Phoso ke hore ntlha ea mocheso oa Curie e tlase, boemo ba mocheso ha bo bobe, 'me ho bonolo ho senya, kahoo e tlameha ho ntlafatsoa ka ho lokisa metsoako ea eona ea lik'hemik'hale le ho amohela phekolo ea holim'a metsi ho finyella litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso e sebetsang.
Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso: Ho etsoa ha Ndfeb ho sebelisoa ts'ebetso ea phofo ea metallurgy.
Phallo ea tšebetso: ho kokota → ho etsa phofo → ho etsa phofo → ho hatella → sintering tempering → ho lemoha makenete → ho sila → pin cutting → electroplating → sehlahisoa se felileng.

7. Makenete ea lehlakore le le leng ke eng?

Magnet e na le lipalo tse peli, empa sebakeng se seng sa mosebetsi ho hlokahala limakete tsa pole e le 'ngoe, kahoo re hloka ho sebelisa tšepe ho encase ea makenete, tšepe ka lehlakoreng la tšireletso ea makenete, le ka ho refraction ho ea ka lehlakoreng le leng la poleiti ea makenete, etsa e 'ngoe. lehlakoreng la matla a makenete, limakete tse joalo li tsejoa ka kakaretso e le makenete a le mong kapa limakete. Ha ho na ntho e kang makenete ea mahlakoreng a 'nete.
Thepa e sebelisoang bakeng sa makenete ea lehlakore le le leng hangata ke lakane ea tšepe ea arc le magnet e matla ea Ndfeb, sebopeho sa makenete a lehlakoreng le le leng bakeng sa ndFEB makenete a matla hangata ke sebopeho se chitja.

8. Tšebeliso ea limakete tse lehlakoreng le le leng ke efe?

(1) E sebelisoa haholo indastering ea khatiso. Ho na le makenete a lehlakoreng le le leng ka har'a mabokose a limpho, mabokose a mehala ea cellular, mabokose a koae le veine, mabokose a mehala ea mehala, mabokose a MP3, mabokose a kuku ea khoeli le lihlahisoa tse ling.
(2) E sebelisoa haholo indastering ea thepa ea letlalo. Mekotla, mekotla, mekotla ea ho eta, mekotlana ea mehala ea thekeng, li-wallet le thepa e meng ea matlalo kaofela li na le limatlase tse lehlakoreng le le leng.
(3) E sebelisoa haholo indastering ea ho ngola. Limanete tsa lehlakore le le leng li teng ka har'a li-notebook, likonopo tsa boardboard, lifoldara, li-magnetic nameplate joalo-joalo.

9. Ke eng e lokelang ho eloa hloko nakong ea ho tsamaisa limakete?

Ela hloko mongobo o ka hare, o lokelang ho bolokoa sebakeng se omileng. U se ke ua feta mocheso oa kamore; Sebaka se setšo kapa boemo bo se nang letho ba polokelo ea lihlahisoa bo ka koaheloa hantle ka oli (oli e akaretsang); Lihlahisoa tsa electroplating li lokela ho ba polokelo e tiisitsoeng ka vacuum kapa e arohaneng le moea, ho netefatsa hore ho na le ho hanyetsa ha kutu; Lihlahisoa tsa Magnetizing li lokela ho monngoa hammoho le ho bolokoa ka mabokoseng e le hore li se ke tsa monya 'mele e meng ea tšepe; Lihlahisoa tsa makenete li lokela ho bolokoa hole le li-magnetic disks, likarete tsa makenete, litheipi tsa makenete, limonita tsa komporo, lioache le lintho tse ling tse hlokolosi. Magnet magnetization state e lokela ho sireletsoa nakong ea lipalangoang, haholo lipalangoang tsa moea li tlameha ho sireletsoa ka botlalo.

10. Joang ho finyella ho itšehla thajana ha makenete?

Ke thepa feela e ka kopanngoang le makenete e ka thibelang matla a khoheli, 'me thepa e teteaneng e molemo.

11. Ke thepa efe ea ferrite e tsamaisang motlakase?

Soft magnetic ferrite ke ea thepa ea khoheli ea khoheli, ho kenella ka mokhoa o ikhethileng, ho hanyetsa ho phahameng, hangata e sebelisoang khafetsa, haholo-holo e sebelisoang puisanong ea elektroniki. Joalo ka likhomphutha le li-TV tseo re li amang letsatsi le letsatsi, ho na le lits'ebetso ho tsona.
Ferrite e bonolo e kenyelletsa manganese-zinki le nickel-zinki joalo-joalo. Manganese-zinc ferrite magnetic conductivity e kholo ho feta ea nickel-zinc ferrite.
Mocheso oa Curie oa ferrite ea magnete e sa feleng ke ofe?
Ho tlalehoa hore mocheso oa Curie oa ferrite o ka ba 450℃, hangata o moholo ho feta kapa o lekana le 450℃. Boima bo ka bang 480-580. Mocheso oa Curie oa makenete oa Ndfeb ha e le hantle o pakeng tsa 350-370℃. Empa mocheso oa tšebeliso ea Ndfeb makenete o ke ke oa fihla mocheso oa Curie, mocheso o feta 180-200℃ thepa ea khoheli e fokotsehile haholo, tahlehelo ea makenete e boetse e le khōlō haholo, e lahlehetsoe ke boleng ba tšebeliso.

13. Ke mekhoa efe e sebetsang ea "magnetic core"?

Li-magnetic cores, haholo-holo lisebelisoa tsa ferrite, li na le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litekanyo tsa geometri. E le ho fihlela litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa moralo, boholo ba mantlha bo boetse bo baloa ho lumellana le litlhoko tsa ntlafatso. Mekhahlelo ena ea mantlha e teng e kenyelletsa likarolo tsa 'mele tse kang tsela ea makenete, sebaka se sebetsang hantle le molumo o sebetsang.

14. Ke hobane'ng ha sebaka sa sekhutlo se le bohlokoa bakeng sa matsoelintsoeke?

Radius ea angular e bohlokoa hobane haeba moeli oa mantlha o le bohale haholo, o ka senya mokelikeli oa terata nakong ea ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea ho tsubella. Etsa bonnete ba hore mahlakore a mantlha a boreleli. Li-ferrite cores ke hlobo e nang le radius e tloaelehileng e pota-potileng, 'me li-cores tsena lia belisoa le ho tlosoa ho fokotsa bohale ba mahlakore a tsona. Ho feta moo, li-cores tse ngata li pentiloe kapa li koaheloa eseng feela ho etsa hore li-angles tsa tsona li fete, empa hape le ho etsa hore bokaholimo ba tsona bo be boreleli. Motsoako oa phofo o na le radius ea khatello ka lehlakoreng le leng le "semi-circle" ea deburring ka lehlakoreng le leng. Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ferrite, sekoahelo se eketsehileng sa moeli se fanoa.

15. Ke mofuta ofe oa motsoako oa magnetic o loketseng ho etsa li-transformer?

Ho finyella litlhoko tsa motheo oa transformer e lokela ho ba le matla a phahameng a matla a khoheli ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka lehlakoreng le leng ho boloka mocheso oa eona o phahama ka har'a moeli o itseng.
Bakeng sa inductance, motlakase oa motlakase o lokela ho ba le lekhalo le itseng la moea ho etsa bonnete ba hore o na le boemo bo itseng ba ho phunyeletsa tabeng ea koloi e phahameng ea DC kapa AC, ferrite le core e ka ba phekolo ea lekhalo la moea, motsoako oa phofo o na le lekhalo la oona la moea.

16. Ke mofuta ofe oa matla a khoheli a molemo ka ho fetisisa?

Ho lokela ho boleloa hore ha ho na karabo bothateng, hobane khetho ea matla a khoheli e khethoa motheong oa likopo le makhetlo a kopo, joalo-joalo, khetho efe kapa efe ea thepa le lintlha tsa 'maraka tse lokelang ho nahanoa, mohlala, lisebelisoa tse ling li ka netefatsa ho phahama ha mocheso ho nyenyane, empa theko e theko e boima, kahoo, ha u khetha thepa khahlanong le mocheso o phahameng, hoa khoneha ho khetha boholo bo boholo empa thepa e nang le theko e tlaase ho qeta mosebetsi, kahoo khetho ea lisebelisoa tse molemo ka ho fetisisa ho litlhoko tsa kopo. bakeng sa inductor ea hau ea pele kapa transformer, ho tloha ntlheng ena, lebelo la ts'ebetso le litšenyehelo ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka khetho e nepahetseng ea thepa e fapaneng e ipapisitse le maqhubu a ho fetoha, mocheso le matla a matla a khoheli.

17. Anti-tšitiso ea magnetic ring ke eng?

Anti-tšitiso ea makenete e boetse e bitsoa ferrite magnetic ring. Mohloli oa mohala o khahlanong le ho kena-kenana le lesale la khoheli, ke hore o ka bapala karolo ea ho thibela tšitiso, mohlala, lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki, ka lets'oao la tšitiso ea kantle, tlhaselo ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki, lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki li amohetse tšitiso ea lets'oao la kantle, ha li so ka li ba teng. e khona ho matha ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, le lesale le khahlanong le ho kena-kenana le matla a khoheli, e ka ba le ts'ebetso ena, hafeela lihlahisoa le lesale le thibelang ho kena-kenana le matla a khoheli, li ka thibela pontšo ea tšitiso ea ka ntle ho lihlahisoa tsa elektronike, e ka etsa hore lihlahisoa tsa elektronike li tsamaee ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng le bapala phello e khahlanong le tšitiso, kahoo e bitsoa anti-interference magnetic ring.

Anti-interference magneticring e boetse e tsejoa e le ferrite magnetic ring, hobane ferrite magnetic ring e entsoe ka iron oxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, koporo oxide le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa ferrite, hobane lisebelisoa tsena li na le likarolo tsa ferrite le lisebelisoa tsa ferrite tse hlahisoang ke sehlahisoa se kang lesale, kahoo ha nako e ntse e ea e bitsoa ferrite magnetic ring.

18. Mokhoa oa ho demagnetize konokono ea makenete?

Mokhoa ke ho sebelisa motlakase o mong oa 60Hz ho ea bohareng e le hore motlakase oa pele oa ho khanna o lekane ho khotsofatsa lipheletsong tse ntle le tse mpe, ebe butle-butle o fokotsa boemo ba ho khanna, o pheta makhetlo a 'maloa ho fihlela o theohela ho zero. Mme hoo ho tla e etsa hore e kgutlele boemong ba yona ba pele.
magnetoelasticity (magnetostriction) ke eng?
Kamora hore thepa ea makenete e kenngoe, ho tla ba le phetoho e nyane ho geometry. Phetoho ena ea boholo e lokela ho ba ka tatellano ea likarolo tse 'maloa ho milione, e bitsoang magnetostriction. Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ling, joalo ka lijenereithara tsa ultrasonic, monyetla oa thepa ena o nkuoa ho fumana deformation ea mochini ka matla a matla a magnetostriction. Ho tse ling, lerata la mololi le etsahala ha ho sebetsa sebakeng sa maqhubu a utloahalang. Ka hona, lisebelisoa tse tlase tsa shrinkage li ka sebelisoa tabeng ena.

20. Ho se lumellane ha makenete ke eng?

Ketsahalo ena e etsahala ho li-ferrites 'me e tšoauoa ka ho fokotseha ha ho phunyeletsa ho etsahalang ha motheo o se o sa sebetse. Demagnetization ena e ka etsahala ha mocheso oa ts'ebetso o phahame ho feta mocheso oa ntlha ea Curie, 'me ts'ebeliso ea ho thothomela ha hona joale kapa ea mochini e fokotseha butle-butle.

Ketsahalong ena, permeability e qala ho eketseha ho ea boemong ba eona ba pele, ebe e fokotseha ka potlako ka potlako. Haeba ho se na maemo a khethehileng a lebeletsoeng ke kopo, phetoho ea permeability e tla ba nyenyane, kaha liphetoho tse ngata li tla etsahala likhoeling tse latelang tsa tlhahiso. Lithempereichara tse phahameng li potlakisa phokotso ena ea ho phunyeletsa. Magnetic dissonance e phetoa kamora demagnetization e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e atlehileng mme ka hona e fapane le botsofali.